The enemy of knowledge is not ignorance, it’s the illusion of knowledge (Stephen Hawking)

It ain’t what you don’t know that gets you into trouble. It’s what you know for sure that just ain’t so (Mark Twain)

Invest with smart knowledge and objective odds

THE DAILY EDGE: 27 JANUARY 2021

Biden Out-Trumps Trump His ‘Buy American’ rules are even more protectionist.

(…) Mr. Biden is creating a new office within the Office of Management and Budget to examine all waiver requests, which will be posted for public—i.e., political—review.

Federal agencies will now have to pass vetting by the White House, labor unions and Congress to buy N95 masks, smartphones and electric cars. Recall how the Trump Administration’s steel and aluminum tariffs led to a flurry of exemption requests from U.S. manufacturers. Labor groups and U.S. steel makers lobbied against exemptions, which invited counter-lobbying from Congress. (…)

Supply problems will ease as the pandemic comes under control. But Mr. Biden’s new procurement bureaucracy will still raise the costs and delay public works that are supposed to be an Administration priority.

Carmakers Face $61 Billion Sales Hit From Pandemic Chip Shortage Chip foundries are too busy supplying gadget makers.

(…) Cars these days are in many respects computers on wheels, with electronics accounting for about 40% of a vehicle’s value. By the time auto parts suppliers realized they were running short on the dozens of microprocessors needed for each car, chipmakers were slammed making semiconductors for the cellphones, game consoles, and computers that housebound shoppers were buying like crazy.

The problems have been exacerbated by the outsize power of a single company: Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., which accounted for 56% of global chip manufacturing revenue in the fourth quarter of 2020, according to researcher TrendForce. Automakers rarely buy directly from TSMC, instead purchasing most of their electronics from suppliers that often outsource the design and manufacturing of chips to automotive-focused shops such as NXP Semiconductors NV and Infineon Technologies AG. Those companies make some parts in-house, but they hire TSMC to handle much of their production. While the auto industry’s needs are enormous, they’re dwarfed by those of consumer-electronics giants such as Apple, Samsung, and Sony, which are “ready to pay more for chips to ensure their gadgets get to market on time,” says Jeff Pu, an analyst at GF Securities Co. “Carmakers are less inclined to do so.” (…)

Researcher IHS Markit says 628,000 cars—3% of global production—will be knocked off in the first quarter alone. (…)

Regardless of who’s at fault, few expect the bottleneck to clear before the summer, and some say it will last into the fall. (…)

Demand for new and used cars surging as COVID-19 changes how we live and work

(…) According to research by online marketplace autotrader.ca, the pandemic has caused a surge in demand as people avoid public transport and ride-hailing services.

A survey released by the company in December showed 46 per cent of people who were interested in buying a new car listed the pandemic as a direct reason for their purchase. The website also saw a nearly 28 per cent increase in traffic from May to December.

But the demand was underpinned by supply shortages in both new and used car markets, since some manufacturers stopped production at the start of the pandemic and continue to deal with supply chain issues. (…)

U.S. Consumer Confidence Ticks Up in January Consumers’ expectations for the economy and jobs brighten, though their assessment of current conditions weaken due to pandemic.

The January increase was driven by consumers’ more upbeat outlook for the economy and jobs, suggesting they foresee conditions improving in the not-too-distant future, said Lynn Franco, senior director of economic indicators at the Conference Board.

“In addition, the percent of consumers who said they intend to purchase a home in the next six months improved, suggesting that the pace of home sales should remain robust in early 2021,” Ms. Franco said.

However, “consumers’ appraisal of present-day conditions weakened further in January, with Covid-19 still the major suppressor,” she said.

 image image

(Haver Analytics)

Home Prices in U.S. Cities Rise at Fastest Pace Since 2014 The S&P CoreLogic Case-Shiller index of property values climbed 9.1% from a year earlier. It was the biggest jump since May 2014.
Renewed Demand for Treasurys Quells Fears of Rising Rates—for Now A sharp climb in U.S. government bond yields has stalled, easing investors’ concerns that rising rates could undercut recent gains in riskier assets.

imageThe yield on the benchmark 10-year U.S. Treasury note has hovered just above 1% for the past nine sessions after jumping from around 0.9% to almost 1.2% in just six days of trading. (…)

In recent years, the 12-month forward-earnings yield of world technology companies—their expected earnings per share as a percentage of their stock price—has generally exceeded the 10-year Treasury yield by at least 2.5 percentage points.

Stocks have sold off four times since the start of 2018 when that threshold was approached or crossed, according to BCA Research. But the yield differential stood at just 2.3 percentage points on Monday, suggesting Treasury yields or tech stocks could be nearing an inflection point. (…)

S&P 500 Average Monthly Gain

S&P 500 Average Monthly Gain

(chartoftheday.com)

Wall St split as more companies hit sky-high valuations Calls to jettison traditional price to earnings metrics echo dotcom boom era

(…) alternative metrics such as price/sales, revenue growth or even operating expenses are being brought to the fore as better indicators of a company’s prospects. (…)

“The best companies right now are investing in human capital,” said Michael Frazis, founder of Sydney-based Frazis Capital Partners, whose fund made 108 per cent last year, fuelled by stocks such as Tesla and Chinese ecommerce platform Pinduoduo.

“This investment is conventionally treated as cost, but in reality, they are getting exceptional returns on these investments,” he added. “Price/earnings and free cash flow metrics penalise companies for doing exactly what they should be doing”. (…)

Said it before but that’s what aging allows: hear it before: “this time is different and there are better ways to value equities”. The good old P/E eventually resurfaces.

About “they are getting exceptional returns on these investments”. Let’s verify that using the CPMS/Morningstar data base and software (all median data):

  • The S&P 500 Technology rates of return have improved but remain shy of their 1995-96 peaks. Returns on assets are actually much lower, likely because of high net cash balances:

image

  • Pure software companies are similar:

image

  • P/CF for Technology stocks has rarely been higher. However, CF margins are at an historical high at 19% after exploding in 2020:

image

  • P/CF on software equities are at their 25-year highs. CF margins (black) are also at their peak levels after exploding in 2020. Going higher?

image

  • P/BV are off the chart while ROEs are lower than in the late 1990s:

image

image

No doubt that 2020 has been very profitable for Tech companies but their basic rates of returns have not exceeded their previous high levels. The ability to keep leveraging increasingly expensive human capital (i.e. engineers/coders/designers) will be tested in coming years.

GAME STOPPER?

GameStop stock doubles again with no let-up in amateur interest Shares of videogame retailer GameStop Corp surged another 130% on Wednesday in pre-market trading as amateur investors continued to pile into the stock that has skyrocketed nearly 700% over the past two weeks.

The share spikes in GameStop and others including BlackBerry Ltd, headphone maker Koss Corp and Nokia Oyj, have sent short-sellers scrambling to cover losing bets, while raising questions about potential regulatory clampdowns.

The top securities regulator in Massachusetts thinks trading in GameStop stock, which has jumped to $148 a share from $19.95 since Jan. 12, suggests there is something “systemically wrong” with the options trading surrounding the stock, Barron’s reported on Tuesday. (…)

Meanwhile in Europe, shares of Evotec and Varta jumped on chatter that Melvin Capital Management was being forced to unwind its short positions to cover losses on its other bearish bets, including GameStop.

image

… That one tweet alone added over $3 billion in market cap to Gamespot (or perhaps GammaSpot) whose stock price may crush not just hedge fund but also dealers who are painfully short gamma in the name and will be forced to buy a lot more either now or when the stock opens for trading tomorrow.

Confused smile BTW: “Another note of caution was provided Wednesday by Bank of America Corp. analysts. While raising their price target to $10 from $1.60 to reflect the stock’s recent surge, they noted that GameStop is in “a weaker not a stronger place” and reiterated their underperform recommendation.” (Bloomberg)

Short interest in GameStop remains close to 100% of free float

Not in the game ‘cause you don’t know what to buy?

Type “what stocks to buy…” in Google and you need no more explanation who is running this market.

Add to this that over past days we have had some record call options stats. Last Wed 29.1M call options traded, on Friday we had 29.05M call options trading, according to GS the 4th and 5th biggest days ever, and if you ask any interbank options broker, most done on screen and small lots, i.e retail.

There are some 31M accounts open on 2 sites, adding some of the new popular trading apps and the figure goes to 50M.

Retail is huge and as we have seen over past sessions very powerful when it comes to carrying out smart guys on stretchers. (The Market Ear)

BACK TO THE REAL WORLD:

U.S. to Buy Enough Doses to Vaccinate Most Americans by End of Summer The Biden administration said it would boost the supply of coronavirus vaccines sent to states by about 16% for the next three weeks and will purchase enough additional doses to vaccinate most of the U.S. population with a two-dose regimen by the end of the summer.

Pfizer-BioNTech to Make 125 Million New Vaccine Doses in First-Ever Licensing Deal

Sanofi agreed to produce millions of doses of BioNTech SE and Pfizer Inc.’s coronavirus vaccine in an unusual collaboration to speed vaccination efforts.

The French drugmaker will give BioNTech access to a production facility in Frankfurt, which will start to deliver doses this summer, Sanofi said in a statement Wednesday. The deal will produce more than 125 million doses of the messenger RNA vaccine for the European Union. (…)

More Americans want a vaccine. Almost 50% of respondents in a Kaiser poll said they’d get a jab, up from just 34% in December. But it may take some time for them to get inoculated. (Bloomberg)

(Our World In Data via The Market Ear)

image

(NBF)

GET OUT OF MY SPACE

Elon Musk and Jeff Bezos are fighting over celestial real estate for satellite fleets. SpaceX has asked the FCC for permission to operate Starlink communications satellites at a lower orbit than first planned. Amazon says that would risk interference or collisions with its planned system. The spat has spilled out onto social media. (BB)

Surprised smile GE’s Larry Culp cites pandemic sacrifice to defend $47m bonus CEO took no salary last year but board lowered share price target that unlocked bigger rewards

ge

THE DAILY EDGE: 26 JANUARY 2021: Insane!

Chicago Fed National Activity Index Improves During December

The Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago’s National Activity Index increased to 0.52 during December from November’s 0.31, revised from 0.27. Despite the increase, the index remained near recent lows.

The three-month moving average, which smoothes out the m/m volatility in the index, rose last month to 0.44 from 0.13 in November. During the last 20 years, there has been a 91% correlation between the Chicago Fed Index and quarterly growth in real GDP.

Only the Production & Income component of the index rose last month with an increase to 0.44, the highest level since July. The Employment, Unemployment & Income series eased to 0.13, its lowest level in six months. The Sales, Orders & Inventories also slipped to 0.05 and matched its September low. At -0.09, the Personal Consumption & Housing series remained in negative territory for the second straight month. The diffusion index, which measures the breadth of movement in the components, eased to 0.54 from 0.55 as 53 of the 85 component series deteriorated.

image

THE BIG DEBATE (continued)
Saved Stimulus Checks Expected to Help Spur Recovery Many households have boosted their savings during the pandemic, and pent-up demand for services like travel and dining are expected to propel economic growth once vaccines become widespread.

(…) Americans saved $1.4 trillion in the first three quarters of 2020, or about twice as much as in the same period of the prior year, according to analysis by Berenberg Economics. That amount is equivalent to nearly 10% of 2019 household spending, estimates Berenberg’s chief economist, Holger Schmieding. (…)

An analysis by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York found that consumers socked away more than a third of the first stimulus checks, which were sent to households as part of the $2 trillion Cares Act enacted last March. Just under a third of the stimulus payment, 29%, got spent, while 36% was saved and 35% used to pay down debt. The survey also found that consumers expected to spend an even smaller share of future stimulus payments, and use a higher share to pay down debts. (…)

With nonessential businesses closed or operating at limited capacity in many regions, consumers haven’t been able to spend their money as freely as before—and many have been saving it instead.

The personal-saving rate, the portion of after-tax income that U.S. consumers sock away, was 12.9% in November, according to the Commerce Department. That compares with a saving rate of 7.5% in November 2019, before the pandemic hit. (…)

Consumers with less than $100 in their bank accounts spent over 40% of their stimulus payments within the first month, while individuals with more than $4,000 in their accounts barely spent a dime, according to a recent study [see below] published by the National Bureau of Economic Research. (…)

Income, Liquidity, and the Consumption Response to the 2020 Economic Stimulus Payments

An empirical analysis confirming common sense expectations:

(…) Households respond rapidly to the receipt of stimulus payments, with spending increasing by $0.25-$0.40 per dollar of stimulus during the first weeks. Households with lower incomes, greater income drops, and lower levels of liquidity display stronger responses highlighting the importance of targeting. Liquidity plays the most important role, with no significant spending response for households with large checking account balances. Households that expect employment losses and benefit cuts display weaker responses to the stimulus. Relative to the effects of previous economic stimulus programs in 2001 and 2008, we see faster effects, smaller increases in durables spending, larger increases in spending on food, and substantial increases in payments like rents, mortgages, and credit cards reflecting a short-term debt overhang.

We formally show that these differences can make direct payments less effective in stimulating aggregate consumption. (…) Our results suggest that the effects of stimulus are much larger when targeted to households with low levels of liquidity.

Right on cue: Biden signals willingness to compromise on $1.9tn stimulus President says he is open to lowering income threshold for $1,400 government cheques

The known unknown remains what happens with this saved cash upon normalization:

From the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (my emphasis):

  • The proportion of households who made a large purchase in the past four months of electronics and vehicles increased in December 2020, approaching December 2019 levels. The share reporting purchases of home appliances, retreated slightly from its series high of 14.5% in August 2020, while the proportion reporting spending on vacations dropped to 8.4%, a new series low.
  • Median expected growth in household spending over the next year increased sharply to 3.0% in December 2020 from 2.2% in August 2020 and 2.4% in December 2019. The increase was broad based across education and income groups.
  • Differentiating spending on essential and non-essential items, the median year-ahead expected change in household spending on essential items, such as daily living expenses, over the next year increased to 4.1% in December 2020 from 3.5% in August and 3.0% in December 2019. The median expected change in spending on non-essential items, such as hobbies, leisure, or vacation, over the next year also increased to 1.6%, from 1.0% in August and 1.4% in December 2019. Both December 2020 readings are new series highs.
  • The average likelihood of making a large purchase in the next four months increased for furniture, home repairs, a house or apartment, vacations, and vehicles compared to August. Relative to December 2019 readings, the average likelihood of making a large furniture, home repair, or home purchase remained elevated, while that of vacations remained considerably depressed, recording at 13.0% in December 2020 compared to 25.5% in December 2019.
  • Reported expected spending responses to an unexpected 10% increase in income shows an average 36.3% would be used by households to pay down debt (down from 36.5% in December 2019), 44.5% would be saved or invested (46.4% in prior year), and 19.3% would be spent or donated (17.1% in prior year).

I suspect respondents were still influenced by current uncertainties when assessing their potential year-ahead behavior. Still, expected spending growth rose and dispersion skewed on the upside. Spending growth rose the most among higher income respondents and the least among middle income people.

U.S. Hospitalizations Are Lowest Since Dec. 13
New York to Ease Some Restrictions as Cases Decline
Rent Collection Is Down, and Apartment Owners Feel the Squeeze Multifamily properties were initially a bright spot during Covid-19, but banks now see more apartment debt as high risk

(…) Ratings companies have downgraded bonds tied to senior-housing and student-housing properties, and some co-living companies, where tenants lease rooms in shared apartments, are also struggling. (…)

But the traditional rental-apartment business is showing cracks, too. During the pandemic, the share of total apartment debt that banks place into their highest-risk categories has ballooned to 16.9% from 4.6%, according to a December report from Trepp LLC, a real-estate data firm that compiled risk ratings from more than a dozen major banks. (…)

Developers of new apartment buildings look even more vulnerable right now, having to fill units when many renters left large cities to buy homes or find cheaper apartments. (…)

Still, many in the real-estate industry believe that apartment owners are much better positioned to ride out this recession than they were the last one. That is in large part due to their relatively low levels of debt, said Kris Mikkelsen, chief operating officer of brokerage Walker & Dunlop’s investment sales division. (…)

The test bed on the Big Debate is China:

SALES MANAGERS INDEX FOR CHINA: JANUARY DATA SHOWS THE CHINESE ECONOMY CONTINUES TO GROW RAPIDLY OUT OF THE COVID INDUCED RECESSION

Business Confidence continues to improve, and is now at an almost 7 year high in the Manufacturing sector. Business Confidence in the Service sector is some way behind Manufacturing, but still on a rising trend and at a level indicating the problems of Covid are being left behind.

The Sales Growth Index backs up the growing buoyancy of business confidence, with data relating to actual revenues as opposed to beliefs about the future. Both Manufacturing and Services Indexes show very positive numbers well above the 50 no growth line.

Unlike in the USA, where price movements are starting to look suspiciously like turning into renewed inflation, prices appear more under control in China, and indeed in the manufacturing sector are actually falling as production is ramped up.

However, the Staffing Levels Index does not suggest that recruitment levels are back to pre-Covid levels. As in the United Sates, it appears that the experience of Covid has left many companies still very cautious and as yet  reluctant to recruit.

Note the chart is for Services which remains “some way behind Manufacturing”:

MOB ATTACKS
GameStop Stock Jumps to New Record Videogame retailer has been at the center of a tussle between Reddit-driven day traders and hedge fund short sellers

(…) About 175.5 million shares changed hands Monday, the second-largest one-day total on record, according to Dow Jones Market Data. That compares with the 30-day average of 29.8 million shares.

The rally has been fueled by investors encouraging each other on social media to pile into GameStop shares and options. The buying pressure has led money managers to switch out of substantial bets that the stock would fall, investors and analysts said. This resulted in a short squeeze, in which rising prices prompt investors to buy back shares they had sold short to cut their losses, pushing the stock higher still.

The company has become a high-profile battleground between bullish chatroom-driven day traders, especially on online platform Reddit, and hedge fund short sellers, who have been betting against the stock. (…)

Some Reddit users egged others on when GameStop shares subsequently went into reverse, using an emoji to describe the stock as a rocket to the moon. “Hold the line! No room for doubters,” wrote one. Another bemoaned losses: “I’m still new to this and bought to double my holdings at $137. Please tell me I’m OK.” (…)

Other stocks also vaulted higher without any apparent catalyst Monday, before sliding back. Struggling home-goods retailer Bed Bath & Beyond Inc., BBBY 1.56% whose in-store sales have slumped during the pandemic, surged as much as 58% at one point but ended the session up just 1.6% at $30.68. Software and services firm BlackBerry Ltd. BB 28.42% advanced 28%.

Adding to the frenzy, options contracts tied to GameStop shares have been changing hands at a record pace, a sign investors are trying to position for further gains. When the stock leapt 51% Friday, options activity tied to the company jumped to the highest level ever.

The purchase of bullish call options can feed into gains for underlying stocks, because dealers that sell the contracts may seek to hedge against rising prices by buying the shares. (…)

GameStop began the year as one of the most-shorted companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange and Nasdaq, according to Dow Jones data. As of Friday, short interest in the company’s shares outstanding stood at 102%, according to IHS Markit data tracked by S&P Global Market Intelligence. (…)

GameStop was again the subject of discussion on Reddit on Monday. “Looking at the 5-year GME [GameStop] chart is just insane,” wrote one user. Many tagged their posts YOLO, an acronym for “you only live once.” (…)

What is insane anyway, nowadays? Selling short, already a rather dangerous, if not insane, move, more than the float is insane. If that chart was not insane a few weeks ago, it now is.

gme

More on Reddit’s mob attack on Melvin Capital:

And Zero Hedge adds more savory stuff:

Last Friday, in the aftermath of the Gamespot’s historic eruption which sent the stock from $40 to the mid-70s (before it doubled again on Monday rising as high as $158), we had a feeling which way the wind was blowing and laid out all the Russell 3000 stocks that had the highest Short Interest (50%> of float).

Also on Friday, we put together an equal weighted basket of the companies listed above which on Monday… well… exploded, in light with our expectations that WallStreetBets/Robinhood traders would go down the list and systematically ramp up each and every one of these most shorted names, sending them in the stratosphere.

That’s exactly what happened.

(…) What is most remarkable, however, is that a quick look at Melvin’s put positions – which had attracted the ire of WallStreetBets investors who were long the names that Plotkin was short – shows that most of them were amazingly the same as the most shorted names shown above! One wonders how many idea dinners Plotkin attended to pitch his positions to his hapless peers who followed him right into the Big Short Squeeze abyss, and how many other hedge funds had been caught in the conflagration.

(…) while the negative hit from Plotkin’s shorts and/or puts may have been neutralized, especially with the help of the nearly $3 billion in excess funding from Steve Cohen and Ken Griffin, which removes his incentive to cover shorts at all costs, earlier today we learned that as the hobbled hedge fund cralwed through the finish line, suffering massive P&L losses, countless other hedge funds took its place shorting Gamestop et al. In fact, GME’s short interest as a percent of float declined from 142% two weeks ago to… 139% today. (…)

BTW, there are 2.1 million users on WallStreetBets.

More insane stuff from Brent X. Donnelly, senior risk-taker and FX market maker at HSBC New York, via Epsilon Theory:

And this doctor, a BA and CFA!!!

image

Yep! It must be!

Retail order flows have reached 20% of the U.S. stock market’s total, according to UBS research, twice what they were in 2010. Off-exchange trading, which includes but isn’t limited to retail, is up to a record 48% of the total, compared with 2019 levels of more like 35%. That is nothing though, relative to the over 80% that Chinese retail traders account for, according to recent research by U.S. and China-based academics. (WSJ)

This is from WallStreetBets moderator Bawse1 via Bloomberg:

“The traditional Wall Street view is that markets are driven by some tie to fundamental value,” said Hoffstein. “What we’re seeing is an influx of speculative retail traders who don’t have any philosophy about valuation.” He quotes a phrase from Bloomberg’s Tracy Alloway: “Flows before pros.” The market will be driven by a flow of capital rather than fundamentals. …

“I think the subreddit brings a new factor into stocks that wasn’t as prevalent as before,” says Bawse1. “It’s called hype.”

Reminds me of something…

Also:

China Asset-Bubble Warning Threatens Stock Frenzy in Hong Kong

The People’s Bank of China drained about $12 billion via open-market operations on Tuesday. The decision was unusual in the weeks before the Lunar New Year holiday, which in 2021 falls in mid-February, because residents typically need more cash to pay for seasonal travel and gifts. It also went against recent reports in Chinese newspapers that liquidity wouldn’t be tightened before the holidays.

While Tuesday’s withdrawal was small in isolation, it added to signs that Beijing is growing wary of how cheap and plentiful liquidity has stoked excess in markets. PBOC adviser Ma Jun told local media that risks of asset bubbles — such as in the stock or property market — will remain if China doesn’t shift its focus toward job growth and inflation management instead. (…)

WILL THIS GET INSANE?

China sent an unusually large force consisting of at least 15 fighter jets, anti-submarine aircraft and reconnaissance planes into Taiwan’s air defense identification zone on Sunday. A day earlier, China sent at least six bombers flanked by four fighter jets into airspace between mainland Taiwan and the Taiwan-controlled Pratas Islands in the South China Sea. The U.S., meanwhile, expressed its “rock-solid” commitment to the self-ruled island and sent a U.S. carrier group to the South China Sea on Sunday. (Geopolitical Futures)

As a reminder:

The world’s principal supplier of semiconductors is now Taiwan.

Will China allow the world’s principal supplier of semiconductors to remain outside its direct political control?

Can the USA allow the world’s principal supplier of semiconductors to come under the direct political control of China? Intel just ordered 6nm chips from TSMC for next year and its leading-edge capacity is now fully-booked for the first half of next year.