The enemy of knowledge is not ignorance, it’s the illusion of knowledge (Stephen Hawking)

It ain’t what you don’t know that gets you into trouble. It’s what you know for sure that just ain’t so (Mark Twain)

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THE DAILY EDGE (9 February 2018): Back to the mean!

Pointing up Rising Costs for Wages and Ingredients Pose New Challenge U.S. manufacturers and food companies are grappling with rising material and ingredient costs on top of pressure from higher wages—a potential double whammy that could force them to raise prices or accept lower profit margins.

(…) “We just see the inflation trends creeping in on many parts of our value chain,” WhirlpoolCorp. Chief Executive Marc Bitzer told analysts recently. The Michigan-based appliance giant projected that additional raw-material costs, driven by rising prices of steel and resin, would shave as much as $250 million off its profit this year. (…)

The economic rebound is raising demand for materials like steel, aluminum and copper used to build everything from houses and office buildings to automobiles and smartphones. Prices of steel and aluminum could also rise for U.S. companies if the Trump administration imposes the tariffs it is considering for those metals.

Many companies, including auto maker Ford Motor Co. and heavy-machinery giantCaterpillar Inc., have pointed to rising material costs as a hurdle in the coming year. Some food wholesalers, retailers and caterers say they are contending with escalating costs for staples such as beef, vegetables and eggs that end up on supermarket shelves, in restaurants and corporate kitchens. Sysco Corp. , the world’s largest food-service distributor, saw overall food inflation of more than 3% during its most recent quarter. (…)

B&G Foods Inc. CEO Bob Cantwell told a conference recently: “We’re seeing the inflation that the rest of the industry is,” referring to higher packaging as well as transport costs. Increased cargo shipments have led to a nationwide shortage of trucks, forcing many companies to pay more to transport goods or cut back. (…)

Paint maker Sherwin-Williams Co. said its outlook this year was tempered by industrywide raw-material inflation as high as 6%. Food distributor Performance Food Group Co. on Wednesday reported higher inflation for meat, eggs, and produce during its most recent quarter, and executives at the supplier to restaurants and other businesses expect food costs to continue to grow around 2.5% during the year. (…)

Current high corporate profit margins offer companies the capacity “to eat some of these price increases” rather than pass them on to customers, Mr. Moody said. (…)

3M Co. , the St. Paul, Minn.-based maker of myriad products including Scotch tape and industrial films and adhesives, has signaled it may raise its prices more than expected to offset inflation if it accelerates this year.

Most restaurant companies have been raising menu prices to help offset rising ingredient, labor and rent costs. For instance, McDonald’s Corp. said its overall menu prices in the fourth quarter were up 3% from the year-ago period to help counter increased expenses and protect margins in advance of launching a new dollar menu. (…)

The proof is in the pudding!

Now this can help some:

That also:

  • China’s inflation appears to be easing, with the CPI falling below that of the US.

But the weak USD and strong yuan are offsets:

Canada’s long streak of job gains finally ended in January

Employment plunged 88k in January, bringing an end to an impressive 17-month long streak of gains —the longest such stretch in 17 years — in what is normally a very volatile measure. The monthly drop in employment is eye-catching but still only retraced about 60% of the 146k increase over just the last two months. Other details also weren’t as bad as the headline employment drop might suggest.

Part-time employment dropped a whopping 137k — the largest one-month decline on record — but fulltime jobs rose 49k. The unemployment rate ticked up to 5.9% but that was still just slightly above the 5.8% in December that matched the lowest reading on record since 1976. (…) (RBC)

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S&P 500 Corrections

(Bespoke)

Using Tax bill pro forma trailing EPS ($140.70) and current inflation (new data next week), at 2600 the S&P has returned to its “20” mean.

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Jim Rogers Says Next Bear Market Will Be Worst in His Life

The veteran investor says that’s because even more debt has accumulated in the global economy since the financial crisis, especially in the U.S. While Rogers isn’t saying that stocks are poised to enter bear territory now — or making any claim to know when they will — he says he’s not surprised that U.S. equities resumed their selloff Thursday and he expects the rout to continue. (…)

VIX May Form the ‘Mother of All Inverted Vs’

(…) Exchange-traded products based around the VIX ran into trouble when the gauge spiked on Monday and Tuesday morning, setting off an $8 billion time bomb with consequences for investors big and small who had sought to bet that low volatility could continue. The gauge reached as high as 50, compared with a 12-month average of just 11.3. (…)

“Aside from August 2015, there is no other volatility event over the last 40 years that would look remotely like the current one in terms of its profile if VIX continues to melt down from here,” MKM derivatives strategist Jim Strugger wrote in a note Wednesday. (…)

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From the NY Fed:

Hey, Economist! What Do Cryptocurrencies Have to Do with Trust?

THE DAILY EDGE (8 February 2018): Sentiment Measures

U.S. Mortgage Loan Applications Meander; Interest Rates Surge

The Mortgage Bankers Association reported that its total Mortgage Applications Volume Index rose 0.7% last week (5.8% y/y) following a 2.6% decline during the prior week. Purchase loan applications were stable (9.3% y/y) following a 3.4% shortfall. Applications to refinance increased 0.9% (1.8% y/y) following a 2.9% drop.

The effective interest rate on a 15-year mortgage jumped to 4.09%, up sharply from 3.76% four weeks ago. The effective rate on a 30-year fixed-rate loan increased to 4.66%. The rate on a Jumbo 30-year loan rose to 4.60%. For adjustable 5-year mortgages, the effective interest rate was fairly stable w/w at 3.92%, up from 3.69% four weeks ago.

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U.S. Consumer Credit Usage Cools

Consumer credit outstanding increased $18.44 billion during December following a $31.03 billion November rise and a $22.99 billion October gain, revised from $27.96 billion and $20.53 billion. It was the weakest monthly increase since September. During all of last year, consumer credit usage increased 5.4% y/y, the weakest full-year gain since 2011. During the past ten years, there has been a 52% correlation between the y/y gain in consumer credit and y/y growth in personal consumption expenditures.

Nonrevolving credit usage strengthened $13.35 billion (5.1% y/y) after surging during the prior two months.

Revolving consumer credit balances increased $5.11 billion (6.0% y/y), the weakest rise since August.

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After Market Turmoil, Fed Officials Stand Firm on Rate Path Federal Reserve officials signaled the recent spasm of market volatility isn’t prompting them to rethink their path of interest-rate increases or upbeat economic outlook.
U.S.: Will higher wages lead to inflation surge?

“I caution against interpreting good news from labor markets as translating directly into higher inflation,” said St. Louis Fed President James Bullard in a speech in Lexington, Ky., on Tuesday. He said the relationship between inflation and labor market conditions “has broken down in recent years and may be zero.”

NBF economists would agree with Bullard:

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Just kidding MIT tracks prices on internet in real time. Its “Billion Prices Index” has tracked CPI (blue line) closely, currently suggesting that CPI will decelerate:

(via Financial Sense)

Deficit Worries Take a Back Seat in Latest Spending Proposal The two-year budget deal reached by congressional leaders marks a triumph of defense hawks over the dwindling number of lawmakers focused on reducing the federal budget deficit.

Nobody cares about deficits and debt anymore…

What’s going to happen next time the Dems take control?

Warning Sign Behind Market Swings The economy is still abnormally dependent on low interest rates and richly priced assets

(…) Even before he became Fed chairman this past Monday, Jerome Powell had observed how recent expansions ended not with inflation but collapsing asset bubbles. And they don’t need to bring on a financial crisis to do damage. Goldman Sachs estimates that higher stock prices added 0.6 percentage point to U.S. growth last year via the wealth effect—households spending their stock winnings. By Goldman’s calculation, a 20% hit to prices this year could knock 1.1 points off growth. That would more than wipe out the stimulative effect of the tax cut.

There is no reason to assume this latest pullback is the start of a deflating bubble; stocks are richly valued but conceivably make sense given optimistic assumptions about growth, interest rates and volatility. But asset markets routinely overshoot their fundamentals, and that is a worry that will hang over the economy so long as interest rates and inflation remain abnormally low.

Equity valuations have little to do with growth and volatility. Inflation and interest rates drive the discount factor to earnings.

SHORT VOL AND MARKETS

A reader sent me this link to an Evercore ISI presentation which discusses (after the 6th minute mark) the short vol trades that have contributed to the recent equity pullback. Such financial engineering excesses amplify the market movements as they eventually must unwind. They contribute to the up leg but they only amplify the down leg after rising interest rates (generally due to rising inflation and inflation expectations) tightened the credit markets. Listen past the 20th minute as Chris Cole explains the similarities with portfolio insurance all the vogue in 1987 and why the recent tremors could well be followed by more, possibly even stronger, quakes.

Thanks very much Mark.

SENTIMENT WATCH

Amareos has an interesting way to measure sentiment: social media.

(…) Even though it is labelled the equity market “fear index”, as we have suggested on numerous occasions in the past[2], the VIX is not much help for investors because it is a contemporaneous indicator of the price action in the underlying market. (…)

An alternative method is to analyze the emotional content of millions of online comments across traditional and social media posted every day. As we noted in a recent Market Insight[4], the prevailing mood of the crowd a month ago was one FOMO (Fear Of Missing Out), the antithesis of fear – indeed we showed our Fear sentiment indicator stood at record lows. What is interesting to note is that even with the latest price move and the surge in implied volatility, our crowd-sourced US equity Fear indicator (dark grey line) remains close to historical lows – see exhibit below.

Exhibit 3: Crowd-Sourced Fear Sentiment By Media Type – S&P500

Source: www.amareos.com

For the most part, this absence of fear is largely reflective of the tone of social media (red line), which we take to be more representative of a retail investor mindset. By contrast, fear sentiment in mainstream media (orange line), which we take to be more representative of a professional investor mindset, remains significantly higher as it has done ever since Trump was elected President (divergence that was not evident during the Obama years).

What such low crowd fear readings suggest is that even though the VIX has jumped to levels where it has proved profitable over the past several years to re-enter the market a “buy-the-dip” mentality may not be being a winning strategy this time around. Indeed, because the crowd has not been scared by the extreme price action (read price falls) down rather than up is where the market’s vulnerability is higher, which suggests the downward correction probably still has further to run. (…)

Here’s another, longer term, measure of sentiment:

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TECHNICALS WATCH

LR says that recent days failed to suggest that Supply has yet to be fully exhausted and that near-term downside risk remains elevated.