The enemy of knowledge is not ignorance, it’s the illusion of knowledge (Stephen Hawking)

It ain’t what you don’t know that gets you into trouble. It’s what you know for sure that just ain’t so (Mark Twain)

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NEW$ & VIEW$ (19 AUGUST 2014)

The wavering bull and the wavering bear.
U.S. Home-Builder Optimism Rises Home builders grew more optimistic in August as an improving job market and falling mortgage rates boosted the outlook for home sales.

An index of builder confidence in the market for single-family homes rose two points to 55 this month, the National Association of Home Builders said Monday. It was the gauge’s second consecutive month over 50, a level that indicates more builders generally see conditions as good than bad.

Its measures of current sales conditions and expectations for future sales each rose two points to 58 and 65, respectively. The measure of prospective-buyer traffic increased three points to 42.

A regional breakdown of the data showed the gains were unevenly distributed with builders feeling more confident in the Northeast and Midwest but less so in the South and the West.

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Fewer Workers in the U.S. Are Worried About Job Setbacks

Fewer than one in five U.S. full- and part-time workers currently worry that they will be laid off in the near future, down sharply from 29% last year. This marks a return of worker confidence to the upper end of the range Gallup saw in the years prior to the financial collapse in late 2008. Workers’ concerns about maintaining their current level of benefits and compensation have also eased, though they remain higher than pre-2008 levels.

Workers Worried About Job Events, 2004-2014

(…)  Since 2009, Gallup has seen a heightened, persistent fear among U.S. workers about their job status, pay, and benefits, even as the economy slowly recovered — pointing to a difficult job market. This year may tell a different story — one of a more confident workforce — as seen by the large drop in the proportion of U.S. workers saying they are worried about having their benefits and wages reduced and being laid off.  (…)

(…) young workers’ fear of being laid off has not decreased from last year, whereas this year, fewer older workers say they are worried about being laid off. Younger workers also are more likely than older workers to worry that their hours will be cut back. (…)

China property slump gathers pace

Home prices fell in 64 of the 70 cities surveyed in July by the National Bureau of Statistics, the biggest monthly proportion of declines since records began in July 2005. On average, property prices fell 0.9 per cent between June and July, the sharpest tumble in three straight months of declines.

As prices fell, real estate developers pulled back from making new investments. Property investments rose 13.7 per cent in the first seven months of the year, down from 14.1 per cent in the first half. In terms of floor space sold in July, China suffered a 16.3 per cent decline, down from a 0.2 per cent drop in June.

SENTIMENT WATCH

bull-bear-fight.jpgA BULL AND A BEAR WAVERING

They are both careful not to admit an actual change of heart:

David Rosenberg (my underline because this is what bearnobull.com is all about)

Let me emphasize from the outset that this is not an official change of view as it is an expression of how the conviction level over my forecast for vibrant U.S. growth in coming quarters is not as strong as it was a few weeks ago. In this business of wealth management, where assessing risks and measuring the probabilities of outcomes are so vital for success, even shifting the goalposts a little bit – which is what this exercise is all about – is no trivial endeavor.

David is worried that the U.S. has suddenly become the only growth engine in the world and that its own engine is showing unexpected signs of weakness. He is particularly shaken by the poor retail sales numbers for July although he sees softness in “all corners”. He does not understand why the consumer is increasing his savings rate when his income is rising swiftly. He also seems to be waking up to the reality that there is no longer such a thing as THE American consumer but rather the 1-20 percenters and everybody else and that “the folks who spend the most of their incomes are those who are at the low end of the pay scale, and those in their 30s and 40s.”

No recession, mind you – just more of the same: Sluggish. Tepid. Lackluster. Mediocre at best.

Wow! And the warning that he has put himself on watch:

(…) those of you who know me well also know that while I am patient, I also have no intention of sitting on a stale view past the best-before date. (…) I feel as though my current bullish view on above-consensus second-half growth, an earlier-than-expected Fed tightening, inflation a greater threat than deflation, and a cyclical back-up in bond yields is in need of some similar scrutiny at the current time.

The same day, John Hussman (Dimes on Black and Dynamite on Red), the last true bear around, also seems to be wavering, but towards the other side, but only for the shorter term, and only maybe:

The stock market is presently a roulette wheel with dimes on black and dynamite on red. We continue to have extreme concerns about the extent of potential market losses over the completion of the present market cycle. At the same time, we have very little view with regard to short-term market action.(…)

Stocks remain strenuously overvalued, overbought, and overbullish, but those conditions have persisted uncorrected much longer in the present instance than they have historically. That doesn’t encourage us to abandon our concerns, but it does make us less aggressive about investment stances that rely on any immediate unwinding of what we continue to view, along with 1929 and 2000, as one of the three most reckless equity bubbles in the historical record.

(…) the ‘buy the dip’ mentality can introduce periodic recovery attempts even in markets that are quite precarious from a full cycle perspective.

In truth, John remains seriously bearish…but he is opening the door to short term spurts…even though he has very little view with regard to short-term action.

Not dissimilar to Jeremy Grantham, even though Grantham sees the possibility of another 12-24-month leg up to 2250.

Perhaps this is the more appropriate image:

(stocktouch)

EQUITIES AFTER FIRST RATE HIKES: THE CHARTS SINCE 1954

SHOULD INVESTORS FEAR A FED TIGHTENING? Pretty important question at this time if there is one. In his August 14 “Breakfast with Dave”, David Rosenberg, one of the better and most influential economists, flatly says that the answer is no.

In actuality, we went back to history books and found that in the first 25% of the Fed rate-increasing cycle – whether it be in terms of magnitude of rate hikes or length of the cycle – and found that the S&P 500 was consistently up, not down, in this initial stage (…).

Using duration of the tightening cycle or “time” as the benchmark (i.e. splitting up the various phases by 25% increments), the S&P 500 was up an average 3.6% (median +2.4%); using “duration” or basis-point change as the benchmark, the first 25% of the cycle sees an average gain of 7.2% (median of +5.6%).

In fact, (…) the first 25% of the tightening cycle is typically the best part of the stock market cycle because the Fed is only lifting rates because it has gained confidence that the economy is taking off, and at this point of the tightening cycle the Fed has usually not even adjusted to a neutral (let alone a tight) policy stance.

David had written about that in a March Financial Post article which made me react in THE FIRST RATE HIKE: THE WAKE-UP CALL in which I disputed his findings looking at the history since 1975.

Being but a curious and doubting slob, this time I took the time to look at each of the 15 tightening cycles since 1954. For each one, I charted the S&P Index (always in red in the charts) and the Fed Funds rate, from 6 months prior to the first hike to 12 months after.

Not being an economist, I am not privy to the language and its numerous nuances. The Merriam-Webster dictionary claims that “consistent” means “always acting or behaving in the same way” and that “always” allows no shades, always meaning “at all times”. It is thus shocking to see how uncooperative the S&P 500 was in 7 out of the surveyed 15 rate hike cycles (1965, 1967, 1971, 1974, 1977, 1983 and 1994).

Then there is the word “typically” like in “In fact, the first 25% of the tightening cycle is typically the best part of the stock market cycle”. Merriam-Webster likens it to “generally or normally”. In our case here, is 8 out of 15 occurrences enough to call this typical? Here’s a nuance: in each of 1961, 1965, 1980, 1983 and 1987, the first 25% of the tightening cycle was, in fact, the best part of the stock market cycle. Not because equities rose appreciably, but rather because of what happened during the next 75% of the cycle…

Mind you, in his defense, Rosy refers to a “tightening cycle”. That may be the typical nuance. Personally, my investment vision tends to get pretty blurred over 12 months. Only economists can see through a whole cycle and are capable of splitting it in 25% increments before the actual fact.

For the record, here are the charts:

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To be brief, in layman’s terms, in reality, there seems to be no consistent nor typical pattern after the first rate hikes.

However, digging a little more into the history book, I found that in 6 of the 8 years when the S&P 500 rose during the initial rate hike, inflation was actually diminishing or stable (2004). This did not verify in 1987, although the market eventually avenged itself and in 1999 when internet speculation blinded everybody.

Maybe we got ourselves a bit of a rule here: rate hike cycles are not damaging to equities in as much as inflation is not rising at the time. Since profits are generally still rising when the Fed takes its foot off the pedal, stable or declining inflation rates help sustain P/E ratios as demonstrated by the Rule of 20 (inflation in green below).

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So, SHOULD INVESTORS FEAR A FED TIGHTENING? The short answer is yes. The longer answer is watch inflation.

Too many people play admirals directing skippers from their onshore tower. For them, missing high waves or hurricanes while staring at average historical weather data has as much consequence as when video gamers duck too late. But there are real skippers out there, surfing treacherous, uncharted seas. A practical admiral would favour down-to-earth (!) analysis and prognostics that would allow investors to better understand the true risk/reward profile immediately ahead.

In truth, David Rosenberg deserves his 5 stars as a smart and thorough economist. It would be best if he would apply the same rigor as a strategist.